Por Lígia Velozo Crispino, sócia-fundadora da Companhia de Idiomas

A forma mais antiga e conhecida do futebol foi desenvolvida na China por volta de 500 a.C. Era conhecido como cuju ('chute-bola'). O objetivo era chutar uma bola de couro em uma rede esticada entre dois postes. O futebol, como conhecemos, foi desenvolvido na Inglaterra no século XIX.

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A Associação de Futebol foi criada em 1863 bem como as Regras do Jogo. A FIFA (Fédération Internationale de Football Association) foi fundada em 1904 para realizar competições internacionais.

Dizem que o futebol foi introduzido no Brasil no final do século XIX, por Charles William Miller. Ele era um estudante paulista que retornou da Inglaterra em 1894, trazendo na bagagem bolas, uniformes e um livro com as regras do jogo. No entanto, registros de 1875 relatam a prática do futebol em Curitiba. Mesmo assim, Charles Miller é considerado o pai do futebol.

Por ser uma paixão nacional, que tal fazer um exercício sobre o vocabulário envolvendo esse esporte? Match the words to their definitions

1. Football pitch (British) / Soccer pitch (American)
2. Bench
3. Center circle
4. Center spot
5. Goal line
6. Goal post
7. Halfway line
8. Penalty area
9. Penalty spot / Penalty mark
10. Stands
11. Touchline
12. Bicycle kick
13. Clearance
14. Corner kick
15. Dive
16. Draw / Tie
17. Equalizer
18. Free kick
19. Foul
20. Hat trick
21. Header
22. Kick-off (British) / Kickoff (American)
23. Offside
24. Own goal
25. Penalty shootout
26. Shot
27. Throw-in
28. Wall
( ) The playing surface for soccer/football with its markings to show the area of play
( ) When some players from one team stand together in a line to create a barrier
between the ball and the goal when there is a free kick.
( ) This happens when the game is tied after extra time in a competition and a winner
needs to be decided. Each team takes turns with a penalty kick.
( ) The opportunity is given when a player is fouled by an opponent
( ) The marked line that goes across the pitch exactly halfway between the two goal
lines.
( ) The center mark of the pitch.
( ) When a player has scored three goals in the same match.
( ) This is the mark in the exact middle of the center circle where kick-off takes place.
( ) The start of the match.
( ) The area where substitute players sit and wait to be asked to enter the game.
( ) An action that is not permitted in the game as it is against the rules. It gives the
other team a free kick.
( ) The marked lines going along the longest part of the pitch. When a ball is
completely out of play, a throw-in is giving to the opposite team of the last person who
touched the ball.
( ) A free kick taken from one of the corners of the pitch.
( ) A goal that is scored that brings the game to where both teams now have the same
number of goals.
( ) When a ball goes completely across the touchline to be out of play, it is giving to
the opposite team of the last person who touched the ball. This is the only time a
player can use their hands to touch the ball, in this case only to throw the ball back
into play.
( ) When a player kicks the ball backwards over his own head to try and score a goal.
( ) When a player receives a pass and they are closer to their opponent’s goal than
one of the opposite team’s players excluding the goalkeeper.
( ) A goal consists of two vertical posts that are 7.32 meters apart.
( ) When a player deliberately falls over when tackled, mostly when they aren’t even
touched.
( ) The two short boundary lines at opposite ends of the pitch.
( ) A defensive kick that is intended to remove the ball out of danger from the goal
area.
( ) When a player accidentally helps the ball go into their goal, not the opponent’s
goal.
( ) This is also known as the penalty box.
( ) Where the fans/ supporters sit in the stadium around the pitch.
( ) When the game finishes with both teams having the same amount of goals scored.
( ) When the ball is kicked or headed in the direction of the opponent’s goal in an
attempt to score a goal.

( ) A white mark in the penalty box from which penalties are taken.
( ) A shot at goal that involves using the head to guide the direction of the ball.

Answers
Football pitch (British) / Soccer pitch (American) - The playing surface for soccer/football with its
markings to show the area of play
Bench - The area where substitute players sit and wait to be asked to enter the game.
Center circle - The center mark of the pitch.
Center spot - This is the mark in the exact middle of the center circle where kick-off takes place.
Goal line - The two short boundary lines at opposite ends of the pitch.
Goal post - A goal consists of two vertical posts that are 7.32 meters apart.
Halfway line - The marked line that goes across the pitch exactly halfway between the two goal lines.
Penalty area - This is also known as the penalty box.
Penalty spot / Penalty mark - A white mark in the penalty box from which penalties are taken.
Stands - Where the fans / supporters sit in the stadium around the pitch.
Touchline - The marked lines going along the longest part of the pitch. When a ball is completely out of
play, a throw-in is giving to the opposite team of the last person who touched the ball.
Bicycle kick - When a player kicks the ball backwards over his own head to try and score a goal.
Clearance - A defensive kick that is intended to remove the ball out of danger from the goal area.
Corner kick - A free kick taken from one of the corners of the pitch.
Dive - When a player deliberately falls over when tackled, mostly when they aren’t even touched.
Draw / Tie - When the game finishes with both teams having the same amount of goals scored.
Equalizer - A goal that is scored that brings the game to where both teams now have the same number
of goals.
Free kick - The opportunity is given when a player is fouled by an opponent
Foul - An action that is not permitted in the game as it is against the rules. It gives the other team a free
kick.
Hat trick - When a player has scored three goals in the same match.
Header - A shot at goal that involves using the head to guide the direction of the ball.
Kick-off (British) / Kickoff (American) - The start of the match.
Offside - When a player receives a pass and they are closer to their opponent’s goal than one of the
opposite team’s players excluding the goalkeeper.
Own goal - When a player accidentally helps the ball go into their goal, not the opponent’s goal.
Penalty shootout - This happens when the game is tied after extra time in a competition and a winner
needs to be decided. Each team takes turns with a penalty kick.
Shot- When the ball is kicked or headed in the direction of the opponent’s goal in an attempt to score a
goal.

Throw-in - When a ball goes completely across the touchline to be out of play, it is giving to the opposite
team of the last person who touched the ball. This is the only time a player can use their hands to touch
the ball, in this case only to throw the ball back into play.
Wall - When some players from one team stand together in a line to create a barrier between the ball
and the goal when there is a free kick.

Lígia Velozo Crispino, sócia-fundadora da Companhia de Idiomas (https://www.companhiadeidiomas.com.br). Graduada em Letras e Tradução pela Unibero. Curso de Business English em Boston pela ELC e extensões na área de Marketing na ESPM, FGV e Insper. Coautora do Guia de Implantação de Programas de Idiomas em empresas e autora do livro de poemas Fora da Linha. Mobilizadora cultural à frente do Sarau Conversar, cofundadora do Instituto Velô. Mentora voluntária da Fundação Éveris. Colunista da Revista VocêRH. Hobbies: aquarela e fotografia. Quer falar comigo? ligia@companhiadeidiomas.com.br.